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Agriculture ’s most profitable business organisation is Lycopersicon esculentum cultivation . After potatoes , it is the second most important harvest in the world . Cultivating Tomatoes is an excellent pick for those looking to harvest a commercially important crop four times a year . Tomato is a pregnant veggie crop for both income and nutrition . Tomatoes are preponderantly summertime crops but can be cultivated throughout the year . Its fruit hold back vitamins like ‘ A ’ and ‘ C ’ and antioxidants in copiousness quantity .
Due to the unequalled prop contained in its fruit , tomato requirement remain almost the same throughout the year . To give rise that perfect tomato , be zippy . Keep an eye on your plant life ’s wellness , expect for larvae and other louse , and watch for signs of disease . And if you regain them , come here for advice on what to do . think of : part of a quick reaction is having the most efficient tools , products , and method acting ready for when trouble designate its head . Be fain .
How to control pests and diseases in Tomato crop
These are those dense clusters of tiny insects you may see on your tomato plants ’ stanch or novel growth . Although similar in size of it , about 1/8 inch , these aphid alter in appearance . Pear - shaped love apple aphids can be unanimous pink , light-green and pink mottled , or weak dark-green with dark bar .
It has a long slender pair of tail - similar appendages ( cornicles ) . The gullible peach aphid is Pyrus communis - forge and pale yellowish to green . Large plague can gradually hurt or even kill plant . So instead , pinch off leafage where aphids are thickly concentrated , and throw these throw out bits into the drivel , not on the terra firma .
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cutworm ’ larvae are found in various coloration and patterns , but they are always smooth - skinned . Typically , cutworms accomplish a duration of 1 to 2 inches when to the full arise . When disturbed , they usually draw in up . The legal age of cutworm activity occurs at Nox . Cutworms blot out in soil and junk at the base of plant during the day . Small , grub - like caterpillars feed on youthful flora stems at night , frequently demolish seedling by deplete them through from the ground up .
The most in effect and least harmful to natural enemy , honey bees are at the top of the mesa .
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whitefly are sucking insects that can transmit viruses to plant . adult are diminutive white-hot flies about 1 mm long . The body and wings are hatch in a powdery , waxy secretion , ashen to slightly yellowish . Each distaff repose up to 150 ball . Eggs are attached to the underside of leave-taking , usually younger leaves . Viruses are chiefly spread from plant to plant by active adult whitefly . While feeding and sucking sap from computer virus - infected plants , whiteflies get the virus . It takes 18 to 28 years for an egg to become an adult in lovesome weather . In cold weather , it take 30 to 48 days .
The life cycle of most plant bloodsucking nematode worm consists of an eggs , four larval stages , and an adult male and female . Their size is microscopic . A larvae ’s first moult occurs within the testicle during its first point of development . In some shell , second - stage larvae infect foliar tissue or stem of plants after hatching from eggs . Temperatures between 21 ° degree Celsius and 27 ° C are optimal for nematode development .
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It is widely distribute throughout the subtropical and tropical component part of the world in India . Besides tobacco plant , it feed on cotton , caster , groundnut , tomato , lettuce , and other cruciferous crops . The adult moth are stout and pale brown . The forewings are grey brown with white markings .
The caterpillars are also stout and cylindrical . They are 40–50 millimeter long and pale brownish with a greenish - violet touch when fully grown . They are smooth and velvety . They possess sub - marginal narrow-minded chicken spots with mordant lunula above them . A black dance band is found around the body on the anterior and later conclusion .
due to several viruses , damping off disease is a tomato problem that affects immature , seemingly healthy seedlings that of a sudden originate a black lesion at the soil melodic phrase , then quickly droop and die . nerveless , damp soil , overwatering and overcrowding all addition chance of infection . apply light potting soil and germination trays and tools to reduce the incidence , avoid crowded source beds , and monitor watering cautiously during the first two weeks after burgeon forth .
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There is a very common tomato disease call septoria leaf spot . love apple and other varieties in the Solanaceae family unit , especially eggplant and potatoes , are susceptible to this fungus , Septoria lycopersici , just about anywhere in the populace . Although the Septoria leaf topographic point is not necessarily fateful for your tomato plants , it disperse rapidly . It can promptly defoliate and de-escalate the plants , rendering them unable to bear fruit to maturity .
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It is a common disease of Tomatoes occurring on foliage at any growth stage . other blight is triggered by fungal pathogen Alternaria solani and A. tomatophila , which last between harvest on infected crop residues and legion weeds . These fungi can also be carry on tomato seeded player .
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Early blight is common on Tomatoes and causes verbatim losses by the infection of fruits and indirect losses through folio lesions , which reduce plant life vigor . Warm temperature and period of leaf wetness from frequent pelting , overhead irrigation , or dew favor the disease . The fungal spore can be spread through wind and pelting , irrigation , louse , workers , and prick and equipment .
The tomato craw is grown worldwide in both summer and winter , and plant viruses are a major threat to tomato plant production . The tomato plant leaf curl virus ( TLCV ) causes considerable harvest yield deprivation among these computer virus . This virus is transmitted by a whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci ) vector . This study evaluate the issue of TLCV infection on the follow Lycopersicon esculentum growth and grant parameters : plant foliage number and area , plant biomass , plant height , root length , and industrial plant stem diam and take .
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Conclusion
These pests and diseases importantly dissemble the issue and yield quality . By applying modern civilize proficiency and cultivating disease - resistant varieties , disease occurrent can be prevented up to some extent . If your plants are affected by any pestilence or disease , they should be controlled initially to avoid loss .
