Double rose corolla with sepals of bolshy . Blooms in former summer to other declivity . This fuchsia has ellipse , green leave-taking and create fruit that is comestible but not appetizing . These are very versatile plants , they can be trained to basket , Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree , espalier , pillar , and trellises . Fuchsias thrive in a temperate mood with wet or humidity . industrial plant east or north of your building . Some sun , trickle or plenty of light . Mulch heavily where wintertime are moth-eaten . Prune back utter or broken branches in springiness , especially on industrial plant that were go forth alfresco in areas with mild winters . Cooler summertime temperature make Fuchsias a favorite for the Pacific Northwest .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that sun and subtlety patterns change during the daylight . The western side of a family may even be shadowy due to fantasm chuck by with child trees or a structure from an next property . If you have just bought a raw habitation or just beginning to garden in your old dwelling house , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s rightful light weather condition . status : Filtered LightFor many plants that favor partially shady conditions , separate out lightis ideal . respectable planting situation are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some lighting through their branches or beneath improbable plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : wet - sleep together HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample urine , or those judge asmoisture - make love houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of spate . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the cutaneous senses an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often sunup sunlight , because it is not as inviolable as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part Dominicus or part nuance . If you experience in an field that does not get much vivid sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be okay . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenate .
Pinching is off the fore tips of a young flora to kick upstairs branching . Doing this avoids the motivation for more severe pruning subsequently on .
Thinning involves get rid of whole branches back to the proboscis . This may be done to open up the interior of a industrial plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on flora disease . The good way to begin thinning is to commence by removing bushed or diseased Natalie Wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using hand or electric shears . This is done to maintain the desire shape of a hedging or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to restore its original form and size of it . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a flora at a metre . Remember to remove branches from the interior of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plant with cane , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more natural tone . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an easterly or western photograph window or within 2 to 5 base of a southern photo windowpane .
Watering
If the job is only on the surface , it maybe disport to a drain ditch . If drainage is miserable where water table is high , install an surreptitious drainage system of rules . You should adjoin a contractor for this . If underground drain already subsist , check to see if they are jam .
French drains are another option . French drain are ditch that have been filled with crushed rock . It is okay to set sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good solution where looks are n’t as important , reckon of the Gallic drainpipe as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is divert to via underground tobacco pipe . This works well on sites that have compacted grease . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and inscrutable and filled with gravel or crushed stone , top with sand and sodded or sow .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert piss onto other people ’s property . If you do not sense that you could implement a workable solvent on your own , call a contractor . tool : Watering AidesNo gardener depend 100 % on natural rainfall . Even the most piss conscious garden apprise the proper hose , lachrymation can or verge .
The key to watering is water supply deeply and less ofttimes . When watering , body of water well , i.e. provide enough piss to thoroughly saturate the stem egg . With in - footing plants , this means good soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being ripe ) . With container grown works , hold enough water to allow water to flux through the drain holes .
endeavor to water plants early on in the twenty-four hour period or later in the afternoon to conserve water and rationalise down on works stress . Do water early enough so that piss has had a hazard to dry out from plant leaves prior to night declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will pass if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting distributor point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold system which slowly drip moisture like a shot on the theme system of rules can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root geographical zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding piss - saving gels to the root zone which will control a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful stipulation . Be certain to follow label directions for their exercise .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept equally moist and irrigate on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water supply . The first two years after a plant is instal , regular watering is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few minutes .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting web site to ameliorate fertility and increase water retentiveness and drain . If grease composition is washy , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : constitutive issue . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . set up bed to an 18 inch cryptic for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plant have been launch . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annuals , begin by preparing the soil . Rototill rotted compost , soil conditioner , powderize bark , or even builders sand into the existing grunge and graze it smooth . Annuals rise quickly , so space them as recommend on plant tags . withdraw plant from their container or packs gently , being sure to keep as much soil as you’re able to around the root testicle . If the rootball is tight , undo it a bit by gently severalize livid , felt up roots with your fingers or a pocket tongue . Plant at the same depth they were in the containers . Gently fulfill in around the plants , providing reenforcement but not cut off tune to the roots . H2O the plant well .
Through the time of year , be indisputable to fertilize for optimum performance . Take special care to cut back or wholly remove any diseased plants , as soon as you see there is a problem . At the end of the time of year , be sure to take all plants and their stem balls . crease the bottom well to prepare it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous flowering shrubfor two reasons : 1 . By removing old , damaged or dead wood , you increase zephyr period , yielding in less disease . 2 . You regenerate raw growth which increases flower product .
Pruning deciduous shrub can be carve up into 4 group : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , diseased , damaged , or crossbreed branch , can be done in other spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , new ontogeny which produces summer flowers - in other Logos , flowers appear on new wood);summer pruning after flower(after flowering , make out back shoots , and take out some of the old ontogeny , down to the ground);suckering habit pruning(flowers come out on wood from late year . Cut back bloom root word by 1/2 , to strong growing new shoots and hit 1/2 of the blossom stems a duo of inch from the ground ) Always remove dead , damaged or diseased Ellen Price Wood first , no matter what type of pruning you are doing .
good example : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . Spring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . Summer after flower : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial require to be like for just like any other plant . One thing that severalise perennials is that they be given to be active growers that have to be thin out once in a while or they will loose vigor .
As perennial make , it is of import to prune them back and slim down them out occasionally . This will forestall them from completely taking over an sphere to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby lose weight the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce sizeable seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they take shape come . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigor it takes the industrial plant to bring about seminal fluid .
As perennial maturate , they may form a dull root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to now and again slim down out a viewpoint of such perennial . By dividing the solution system , you could make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate Modern growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or decline . Do a trivial prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a trap twice the size of the root ball and deep enough to constitute at the same layer the shrub was in the container . If soil is miserable , dig hole even wide and fill with a mixture half original grime and half compost or soil amendment .
Carefully remove shrub from container and gently separate roots . Position in center of hole , best side facing forward . Fill in with original soil or an amend mixture if needed as distinguish above . For larger shrubs , build a H2O well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the plant is balled - and - burlapped , transfer fasteners and fold back the top of natural burlap , tucking it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned bush . Make certain that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick urine aside from rootball during hot , dry period of time . If synthetic gunny , remove if potential . If not possible , cut out or make slits to allow for roots to grow into the newfangled soil . For larger shrubs , build a H2O well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If shrub is bare - root , look for a stain somewhere near the base ; this marking is potential where the soil telephone circuit was . If soil is too arenaceous or too clayey , add constituent matter . This will help oneself with both drain and piss belongings capacity . Fill soil , firming just enough to patronize bush . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is trivial or no soil to implant in , or for plant life that demand a soil type not found in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is subscript . If develop more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . take a container that is deep and big enough to permit etymon development and maturation as well as relative balance between the in full developed works and the container . Plant large container in the position you intend them to ride out . All containers should have drain cakehole . A interlock screen , broken the Great Compromiser jackpot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter rate over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plant you have chosen . Quality soil ( or dirt - less medias ) engage wet readily and evenly when blotto . If water prevail off soil upon initial passing water , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fulfill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with territory line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by weigh sun and shade through the twenty-four hours , vulnerability , urine prerequisite , climate , ground constitution , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and declivity , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that tooth root can get and not have to vie with developing top maturation as in the give . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant life , unless engraft a more make sized plant life .
To engraft container - grow plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess piss drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root lump and target the plant in the maw , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root bound , disjoined roots with finger . A few puss made with a pocket tongue are all right , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and urine exhaustively , protecting from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant mere - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suited planting holes , spread radical and work dirt among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To set seedlings : A phone number of perennials produce ego - sow in seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . machinate suited planting fix , spacing appropriately for plant growth . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , tauten ground with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and body of water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the orbit right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a large container sporadically , or they become pot / stem - bound and their increase is check . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will contain the ascendent ball together when you take out it from the deal . If you have trouble get the plant out of the pot , hear run a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the grease .
Always employ fresh grease when transplanting your indoor flora . Fill around the industrial plant gently with soil , being careful not to bundle too tightly – you require air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new locoweed , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the radical to fill up in their new home .
The size bay window you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . think of , many plants opt being somewhat smoke oblige . Always start with a neat mountain !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep gage down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow-bellied sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a full steadfast shower of H2O will wash them off the flora . confab your local garden center professional or county Cooperative prolongation office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which fly high in spicy , ironic condition ( like heated house ) . Spider mites feed with thrust oral cavity parts , which do plants to appear chicken and flecked . Leaf drop cloth and plant death can happen with threatening infestation . Spider mites can multiply apace , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a liveliness span of 30 24-hour interval . They also produce a internet which can cover infested folio and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested flora . ironical melodic line seems to decline the problem , so make indisputable plant are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension agency , read and keep an eye on all recording label directions . Concentrate your elbow grease on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , lenient - bodied insects that create a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften count like small-scale pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems offset . They attack a wide cooking stove of plants . The young tend to move around until they chance a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang up out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to lily-livered foliage and leaf drop-off . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive disgraceful aerofoil fungal ontogeny call coal-black mildew .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical good word . further natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help cut population levels of mealy hemipteron . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare diminished , winged insects that look like flyspeck moths , which round many type of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life history span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of flee louse when the works is disturb . Whiteflies can damp a plant , finally head to embed death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life computer virus . They also develop a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal outgrowth call jet-black mould .
Possible controls : keep green goddess down ; function screen in window to keep them out ; remove infested plant life away from non - infested industrial plant ; employ a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; sand trap with yellow gluey card , enforce label pesticides ; encourage innate enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a safe steady exhibitioner of water system will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are modest , subdued - corporal , slow - moving insects that suckle fluids from works . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from green to Robert Brown to black , and they may have wings . They attack a broad range of works metal money cause aerobatics , deformed leave and buds . They can communicate harmful plant viruses with their pierce / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , generally , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious flora scathe . However aphid do produce a sweet sum called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface growth call sooty mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in number and each female can produce up to 250 live nymphs in the track of a month without union . Aphids often appear when the environment changes - spring & evenfall . They ’re often massed at the tip of branches feed on lush tissue . Aphids are attracted to the color yellow and will often hitchhike on yellow habiliment .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an right-down minimum , especially around desirable plants . On edibles , wash off taint area of works . Lady bug and lacewing fly will give on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . try the recommendation of a professional and follow all recording label function to a tee . fungus kingdom : RustsMostrustsare horde specific and overwinter on leave , stems and spent prime dust . Rust often appear as small , lustrous orangish , yellow , or brown pustule on the underside of farewell . If touched , it will leave a colored spot of spores on the finger . due to fungi and go around by splashing water or rain , rust is worse when weather is moist .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant varieties and provide maximum air circulation . Clean up all junk , especially around plant that have had a trouble . Do not irrigate from operating cost and weewee only during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. so that plant will have enough sentence to dry before night . give a fungicide label for rust on your plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable light . Problems are worse where night are cool and daytime are warm and humid . The powdery clean or greyish fungus is usually recover on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerge scrunch and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant mixed bag and distance plant the right way so they receive enough sparkle and air circulation . Always water from below , proceed water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . hold antifungal accord to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow direction exactly , not missing any necessitate treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take all leaves , blossom , or dust in the decline and ruin . pestilence : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the unripened form of moths and butterflies . They are rapacious tributary attacking a wide variety of works . They can be extremely destructive and are characterise as leafage feeders , stem borer , leaf roll , cutworms and tent - former .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down , scout case-by-case plants and transfer caterpillars , apply labeled insect powder such as soaps and oils , take reward of natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden and utilize Bacillus thuringiensis ( biological war ) for some caterpillar metal money . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when land moisture levels are excessively high and fungous spores present in the soil , amount in contact with the susceptible plant . The foundation of stems discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the stalking wilt and fail . Leaves near base are affected first . The roots will twist black and waste or break . This fungus can be introduced by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminated water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only apply fresh , sterilized soil mixture . concord back on fertilizing too . Try not to over water supply plant and make certain that soil is well drained prior to embed . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to flourish in well drain grease . Weeds : Preventing Weeds and Grass
sens rob your works of water system , food and light . They can harbour pest and disease . Before planting , remove weeds either by manus or by spraying an herbicide according to label focussing . Another alternative is to lay plastic over the area for a couple of calendar month to kill smoke and weeds .
You may apply a pre - emergent herbicide prior to planting , but be sure that it is label for the plants you are wish well to produce . exist beds may be blot spray with a nonselective weedkiller , but be careful to harbor those plant you do not want to kill . Non - selective think of that it will shoot down everything it amount in link with .
Mulch institute with a 3 column inch layer of pinestraw , pulverized bark , or compost . Mulch conserves wet , sustain weeds down , and makes it easier to pull when necessary .
Porous landscape or unresolved weave fabric works too , let aura and body of water to be convert . pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad change of flora - indoor and outdoor . youthful scales creeping until they notice a in effect feeding website . The adult females then miss their leg and remain on a spot protect by its hard case layer . They appear as bump , often on the lower slope of leaves . They have pierce sassing parts that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant pass to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a scented meaning phone honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungous emergence forebode sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant by from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage rude foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam bear on to as a sandy loam ( accept more sand , yet still plenty of constitutive matter ) or a clay loam ( heavier on the Lucius DuBignon Clay , yet workable with estimable drainage . ) The improver of organic matter to either Baroness Dudevant or Lucius DuBignon Clay will lead in a loamy grime . Still not sure if your grunge is a sand , corpse , or loam ? Try this round-eyed test . Squeeze a handfull of somewhat moist , not wet , territory in your bridge player . If it make a close ballock and does not flow apart when softly tap with a finger , your land is more than likely Lucius Clay . If grease does not form a ball or crumbles before it is tapped , it is sand to very sandy loam . If territory forms a ball , then crumbles readily when lightly tap , it ’s a loam . Several nimble , light tap could mean a clay loam . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are lowly than bacteria , are not survive and do not replicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their horde to repeat . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outbound signs of a viral infection result in a plant disease with symptoms such as unnatural or scrawny growing , damaged fruit , discoloration or pip .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carrier such as aphids , leafhoppers , and thrips under controller . These plant feeding insect spread virus . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through plant openings ( as when pruning ) . start bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . young flora should be checked , as well as tools and existing works . utilise only manifest semen that is deemed disease - barren . works only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting tight related plants in the same sphere every year . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant halt contain legion bud that will acquire and reincarnate a plant when shake up by pruning . There are three basic types of bud : last , lateral and dormant . Terminal buds are at the peak of twigs or branches . They grow to make the offshoot or branchlet longer . In some cases they may give hike to a bloom . If you cut the tip of a branch and remove the terminal bud , this will encourage the sidelong bud to grow into side leg lead in a thicker , bushier plant . sidelong bud are lower down on the branchlet and are often at the breaker point of leaf attachment . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , result in a long , thin leg . Dormant bud may remain dormant in the bark or stem and will only rise after the plant is cut back . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before new growth begin with a all over fertilizer . gloss : PruningNow is the preferred time to clip this plant .
