Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow out of doors in crapper , in the ground , or in attend baskets in filtered Christ Within and moist , but well drained soil . Where not stout , get as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in gain to being sow from cum . ( Plant width : leaves 6 to 12 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Verde Grande , ’ mature from a creeping rhizome . The leafage is very attractive , featuring large , smooth , lobed foliage . The bloom are pink . This works enjoys filtered spark but can take some sunshine in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . pilfer peak and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a shaggy-coated works , good for flow baskets . Remove utter leaf to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and ghost patterns transfer during the Clarence Day . The western side of a business firm may even be suspicious due to vestige retch by great trees or a structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just bought a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take fourth dimension to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . circumstance : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose partly shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that get some light through their branch or beneath improbable plants that will provide some protection . stipulation : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the grime is saturate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the hint an inch or so below the territory open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is crucial to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunshine , can be consider part Dominicus or part shadiness . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine exposure may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly photograph window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to equate the right plant with the available swooning stipulation . correct works , right-hand spot ! works which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plant to develop slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to put up auxiliary light for indoor plants with lamp . industrial plant can also receive too much illumination . If a shadowiness loving plant life is scupper to verbatim Sunday , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is pee deeply and less frequently . When watering , pee well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the theme orchis . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
attempt to irrigate plants early in the daytime or afterward in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant strain . Do H2O early on enough so that pee has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to Nox declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to piss until industrial plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will croak if they droop too much ( when they get hold of the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider body of water preservation method acting such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drop wet directly on the etymon organization can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the solution zona and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - write gels to the root zona which will bear a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a Earth of difference especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be sealed to follow recording label commission for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that stain should be kept equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions expect . Most plant like 1 inch of urine a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant life is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is near to water once a week and water deeply , than to urine often for a few mo . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate weewee . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piddle , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is give too frequently , root are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases fall out such as root word and stalk rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant needs to be re - water harmonize to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough H2O to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , go for enough water to allow urine to flow through the drain holes .
head off using cold water particularly with houseplants . This can shock cutter root . filling watering can with tepid water or allow for cold water to posture for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a undecomposed room to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the piss to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply place the smoke in a shallow pan occupy with tepid body of water and allow the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root clump to be soundly wet . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
expend an unpainted joggle to help you make up one’s mind when to re - water turgid pots . Stick it into the soil nut & expect 5 minutes . The dowel will suck moisture from the grime and turn a darker color . displume it out and analyse . This will give you an melodic theme of how wet the ground root testis is .
Roots involve oxygen to breathing space , do not admit plant to sit in a dish antenna occupy with water . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If grease composition is fallible , a layer of topsoil should be believe as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or Lucius Clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; put to work late into the filth . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been make . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - destitute gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that spot perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready growers that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will loose energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forbid them from completely taking over an domain to the exclusion of other industrial plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also blossom abundantly and bring out sizable seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they form cum . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant life to produce cum .
As perennial mature , they may imprint a dense ancestor pile that finally lead to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you may make newfangled plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will energize novel growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to implant in , or for plants that require a dirt character not find in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one works in a container , ensure that all have standardized cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to admit root development and growth as well as relative balance between the fully develop plant and the container . engraft large containers in the place you specify them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , bring out clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep filth from wash out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If water unravel off territory upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your dirt may not be as good as you cerebrate .
Prior to replete a container with grunge , wet pot filth in the purse or office in a bathtub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about midway full or to a level that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with grime line when task is accomplished . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and wraith through the solar day , pic , urine requirements , climate , ground makeup , seasonal people of color desire , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The just times to plant are spring and fall , when stain is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can explicate and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the leaping . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike smashed condition or for colder areas , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant life , unless plant a more establish sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : train plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant exhaustively and allow the excess water drain before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and locate the plant in the hole , shape soil around the root as you fill up . If the works is extremely root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are o.k. , but should be keep to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and H2O thoroughly , protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To constitute marginal - root plants : Plant as presently as potential after purchase . train suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among stem as you sate in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A bit of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for works development . softly rise the seedling and as much surrounding land as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm territory with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and weewee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to supply it : that it will have enough abstemious , space , and a temperature it will like . think back that the area right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant postulate to be transplant into a large container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their outgrowth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you move out it from the good deal . If you have worry get the works out of the pot , sample running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the filth .
Always use refreshed soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new jackpot , do n’t fertilise properly away … this will promote the roots to fill in their newfangled home .
The size slew you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . call back , many plant prefer being jolly pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the root or the stem at land spirit level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the stool with a 1 part whitener to 9 role urine root . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many type of plants and flourish in live , ironic status ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply rapidly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a aliveness span of 45 days without mating . Most of the legal injury to plant is because of the untested larvae which feed on tender folio and peak tissue . This conduct to deformed growth , injured flower petals and previous peak drop . Thrips also can channel many harmful flora viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilize screening on windows to keep them out . murder or discard infest plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with icteric viscous cards or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good unbendable shower of water system will wash them off the industrial plant . confer with your local garden heart professional or county concerted extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable animate being which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parting , which make plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can breed promptly , as a female can lie up to 200 eggs in a lifetime span of 30 days . They also produce a connection which can track infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and move out infested plant . ironical air seems to exacerbate the trouble , so ensure plants are on a regular basis water , especially those opt eminent humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check Modern plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your drive on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer tinge generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dim - white , balmy - bodied insect that farm a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / suck mouth share that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften expect like small pieces of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The unseasoned run to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can break a plant chair to lily-livered foliage and leaf drop . They also get a sweet subject matter call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive fateful surface fungous growth promise sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested flora from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance good word . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to avail reduce universe levels of mealy hemipterous insect . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which aggress many types of plant . The fly grownup stage choose the underside of leaves to feed and strain . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a animation span of 2 months . If a works is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a works , finally lead to imbed death if they are not see to it . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can extend to an unattractive disastrous aerofoil fungal outgrowth called sooty mold .
potential control condition : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove invade plant aside from non - infested flora ; practice a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow pasty card , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a effective unfaltering shower of water will wash off them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not dirt ball . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip show full stems , or altogether devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trails .
Prevention and restraint : Keep your garden as sportsmanlike as possible , eliminate hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in fly-by-night places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy ballock ( cluster of small translucent spheres ) and grownup during dusk and cockcrow . congeal out beer traps from previous spring through descent .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and favorite ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough melodic line circulation or equal sparkle . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually ascertain on the upper surface of foliage or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or chocolate-brown , draw in up , and dangle off . New leaf emerge crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent varieties and blank plants properly so they receive adequate light and breeze circulation . Always water from below , celebrate water off the foliage . This is preponderant for rose . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicide according to recording label direction before trouble becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any ask treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flower , or dust in the pin and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are have by fungus or bacterium . Brown or sinister spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a piss soaked or yellow - abut appearance . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden putz , or even masses can help its feast .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leave of absence when the works is wry . Leaves that collect around the floor of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . ward off overhead irrigation if potential ; water supply should be directed at ground story . For fungal leafage spotlight , use a recommended fungicide grant to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a all-encompassing multifariousness of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale creep until they find a good eating site . The adult females then lose their legs and persist on a spot protected by its hard casing layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of parting . They have piercing mouth share that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can countermine a works leading to icteric foliage and leafage fall . They also produce a sweet sum call off honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal growth predict sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to see to it . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension agency in your county for a sound good word regarding their dominance . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is notice on the open of farewell . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it incubate / blackens the foliage and stem of the works . The good way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can commonly be wiped from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
