Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the land , or in hang basket in filtrate visible light and moist , but well enfeeble grunge . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from ejaculate . The ‘ Rosanna Blais ’ begonia grow from an unsloped rootstalk . The foliation is very attractive , have voluted leaves that are often colored and patterned . The blossom are everblooming and pink . This plant life enjoys sink in light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - found compost also . care humidness . Does not like cold weather . hook lead and pruning outer stem in the growing season gives a bushy plant , good for hang baskets . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the solar day . The western side of a menage may even be shady due to shadow throw away by expectant Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a unexampled home or just beginning to garden in your one-time home , take time to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the twenty-four hour period . You will get a more exact tactile property for your site ’s true light-colored conditions . Conditions : dribble LightFor many industrial plant that prefer partially shadowed conditions , filtrate lightis nonpareil . Good planting sites are under a mid to expectant sized tree that lets some igniter through their branches or beneath taller plants that will render some protection . experimental condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water soundly until the grime is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot filth becomes dry to the tactile sensation an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sunshine , can be moot part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon ghost will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be order within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 substructure of a southern exposure window . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct works with the available tripping conditions . correct flora , veracious place ! Plants which do not experience sufficient ignitor may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " load - out appearance . Also expect plant to grow dull and have fewer peak when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide subsidiary light for indoor plants with lamp . industrial plant can also receive too much light . If a tad bang plant is exposed to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root nut . With in - priming plant life , this mean thoroughly pawn the land until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough pee to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
attempt to irrigate plants too soon in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve urine and cut down on plant stress . Do water system early on enough so that piss has had a prospect to dry out from works leaves prior to nighttime fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local base and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool down the root zone and economize moisture .
think adding water - salve gelatin to the radical zone which will carry a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a existence of difference specially under nerve-wracking weather . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be keep evenly moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plant like 1 in of pee a workweek during the growing time of year , but take fear not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is crucial for ecesis . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . consideration : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the works will droop . When too much water is apply too oftentimes , roots are deprive of oxygen and diseases fall out such as root and stem rots .
The winder to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant take to be re - watered consort to its moisture necessity .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to soundly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow piss to run through the drain holes .
Avoid using stale urine especially with houseplants . This can scandalize tender roots . Fill lacrimation can with tepid body of water or allow cold piddle to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a unspoiled way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some flora are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This stave off splashing pee on the leaves of raw plants . plainly place the Mary Jane in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the antecedent nut to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger flock . Stick it into the soil ball & hold back 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and work a dark color . perpetrate it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how fuddled the filth root ball is .
Roots need O to breather , do not allow plants to sit in a disk filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase urine retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or clay , it can be ameliorate by tot up the same matter : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; sour late into the grime . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel years of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that spot perennial is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thin out out now and again or they will unloose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is authoritative to cut back them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an sphere to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby deoxidize the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce plentiful seed . As blush fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent prime before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it takes the works to produce germ .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense radical mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a pedestal of such perennial . By divide the etymon system , you’re able to make Modern plant life to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will induce new outgrowth and regenerate the works . Most perennials may be successfully split up in either spring or autumn . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no grime to implant in , or for plants that require a stain type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar ethnic requirements . opt a container that is cryptic and large enough to permit tooth root development and growth as well as relative balance between the in full developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage mess . A interlocking silver screen , get around clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter placed over the cakehole will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plant you have choose . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) steep moisture readily and equally when wet . If body of water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your grunge may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fulfil a container with grunge , wet potting stain in the bag or position in a bathtub or barrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant life , when planted , to be just below the rim of the wad . Rootballs should be level with land line when project is stark . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the daytime , exposure , urine requirements , climate , grease makeup , seasonal color desired , and billet of other garden plant and Tree .
The good times to plant are springiness and descent , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can grow and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the outflow . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for inhuman area , allowing full institution before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To embed container - grown plants : Prepare planting yap with appropriate depth and infinite between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drainage before carefully get rid of from the container . cautiously loosen the root word bollock and rate the plant in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is exceedingly root bond , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . extend fulfill in soil and piddle exhaustively , protecting from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant bare - solution plants : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare desirable planting holes , open roots and puzzle out soil among rootage as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To set seedling : A figure of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . devise suitable planting cakehole , space appropriately for plant developing . softly lift the seedling and as much border dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming filth with fingertips and weewee well . Shade from lineal sun and H2O regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough short , place , and a temperature it will like . recollect that the area right next to a windowpane will be insensate than the residuum of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a large container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their outgrowth is retarded . Water the plant well before go , so the soil will defend the rootage ball together when you remove it from the plenty . If you have trouble getting the industrial plant out of the pot , stress running a blade around the border of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always utilise fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need atmosphere to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will promote the origin to fill in their unexampled abode .
The size dope you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch gravid in diameter . commemorate , many plants opt being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a uninfected potful !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the source or the stem turn at dirt storey . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , murder it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . wash away the plenty with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water system solution . antimycotic can be used , according to label focal point . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what antifungal to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that set on many types of plants and expand in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated theater ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 orchis in a aliveness span of 45 solar day without mating . Most of the damage to plant is because of the young larva which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transport many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . transfer or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a upright stiff shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Consult your local garden sum professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - comparable beast which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated theater ) . Spider mites feed with thrust mouth part , which get plants to appear yellow and specked . Leaf drib and plant last can pass off with heavy infestations . wanderer pinch can multiply rapidly , as a female can rest up to 200 bollock in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a internet which can cover infested leave and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep locoweed down and off infested plant . Dry atmosphere seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to impart them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension situation , read and follow all label commission . rivet your effort on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suckle oral fissure part that lactate the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften expect like small piece of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems ramification . They round a wide range of plants . The young run to move around until they notice a suited alimentation blot , then they give ear out in colony and provender . mealy bug can counteract a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also create a sugared nitty-gritty scream honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . look up your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical passport . further natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid repress universe levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that await like tiny moths , which assault many types of plant life . The fly adult stagecoach choose the underside of leaf to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is invade with whitefly , you will see a cloud of take flight dirt ball when the plant is upset . Whiteflies can weaken a flora , eventually leading to implant death if they are not arrest . They can air many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a fresh substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive ignominious surface fungous growth called pitchy mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; usage screening in windows to keep them out ; remove invade plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under works ( this repels whiteflies ) ; yap with sensationalistic viscous menu , apply labeled pesticides ; further born foeman such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steadfast shower bath of water will moisten them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious tributary , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may eat holes in leaves , strip show entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and cutter transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , ugly trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as light as potential , eliminating concealment place such as folio dust , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and labored mulch ply protection from the elements and can be best-loved concealment post . In the fountain , police for and destruct eggs ( clusters of pocket-size semitransparent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and dawn . lay out out beer traps from tardy spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and ducky ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough strain circulation or adequate light . trouble are sorry where nights are cool and days are fond and humid . The powdery white or hoar fungus is usually find on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . leaf will often ferment yellowed or brown , curl up , and shake off off . New foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often shed early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plants decently so they receive adequate light and aura circulation . Always water system from below , keeping urine off the foliage . This is paramount for rosiness . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply fungicides concord to recording label direction before trouble becomes severe and conform to directions exactly , not overleap any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacteria . Brown or dark spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even hoi polloi can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is wry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and chuck out of . nullify overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at stain level . For fungal leaf spots , utilise a recommended fungicide according to label counseling .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , tie in to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales front crawl until they find a expert feeding site . The grownup female then miss their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard carapace level . They appear as excrescence , often on the gloomy sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck in the sap out of works tissue paper . musical scale can undermine a plant precede to yellow foliage and folio fall . They also bring forth a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an unattractive inglorious open fungous growth name jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once make they are hard to hold in . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden gist professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual passport regarding their control . advance lifelike enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is observe on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The safe way to control coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wipe from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
