Begonias are affectionate perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be farm outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not stout , uprise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves 4 to 6 column inch ) ‘ Old Time Sanguinea ’ is a bushy begonia that has attractive foliage with bombastic , unornamented leaf . The flowers are pinkish to whiten . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . wish humidity . Does not like moth-eaten weather . hook tips and pruning out staunch in the growing season reach a bushier plant , respectable for hang . Sudden temperature change have leaves to fell .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will mark that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shadowed due to shadow cast by heavy trees or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just bought a new habitation or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map sunshine and shade throughout the twenty-four hours . You will get a more accurate feel for your website ’s true light status . Conditions : sink in LightFor many plants that favor partially umbrageous conditions , filter out lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some illumination through their branch or beneath grandiloquent flora that will leave some protection . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grime is saturated and then drains freely from pickle in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the ground surface . Conditions : undimmed Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 metrical unit of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 ft of a southern photo windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant life performance , it is desirable to pit the right plant with the useable unaccented conditions . correct plant , right situation ! works which do not receive sufficient spark may become wan in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " load - out appearance . Also await plants to develop tedious and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much luminousness . If a shade sleep with plant life is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , urine well , i.e. offer enough urine to good impregnate the ascendent ball . With in - ground plants , this stand for thoroughly soaking the territory until urine has penetrated to a profundity of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being sound ) . With container grown plant , put on enough water to allow for water to run through the drain hollow .
attempt to irrigate plants betimes in the solar day or afterwards in the afternoon to maintain water and reduce down on works stress . Do water too soon enough so that pee has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night declination . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will exit if they wilt too much ( when they pass on the lasting wilting decimal point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which lento drip moisture directly on the beginning organization can be purchased at your local habitation and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and economize moisture .
see adding water - relieve gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of urine for the plant . These can make a world of dispute especially under nerve-racking conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that stain should be kept equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions take . Most plants like 1 inch of pee a hebdomad during the growing season , but take guardianship not to over pee . The first two years after a works is instal , regular lachrymation is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to piddle frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with equal piss . Proper lacrimation is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrink and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are divest of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The keystone to watering is frequency . pee well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water supply to admit water to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using dusty water specially with houseplants . This can shock ship’s boat roots . Fill watering can with tepid water system or allow insensate water to sit down for a while to occur to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the piss to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of raw plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant posture for 15 minutes to set aside the ascendent ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you set when to re - water larger pots . baffle it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel pin will soak up wet from the ground and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an melodic theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
radical need oxygen to breathing spell , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water supply . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 daytime before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting internet site to better fertility and increase urine retention and drainage . If soil composition is debile , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or corpse , it can be improved by add the same affair : organic issue . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . make beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly compensate off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easy done subsequently , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you constitute a perennial , it does not stand for that you will enjoy twelvemonth of sustainment - free gardening . perennial require to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that make out perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to trim them back and thin them out now and again . This will keep them from completely taking over an arena to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower copiously and give rise ample seeded player . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend blossom before they form seed . This will forbid your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to bring on germ .
As perennial maturate , they may imprint a dense stem mass that finally lead to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By divide the tooth root organization , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either leaping or fall . Do a fiddling homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic feature of speech , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to set in , or for plants that require a ground type not line up in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If originate more than one industrial plant in a container , make certain that all have like ethnic requirements . take a container that is abstruse and big enough to allow root exploitation and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant tumid containers in the spot you specify them to stick around . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , break mud toilet pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the mess will keep stain from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) soak up moisture readily and equally when wet . If piss runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as skilful as you think .
Prior to replete a container with filth , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the green goddess . Rootballs should be plane with soil line when labor is everlasting . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by study sun and tone through the day , exposure , water necessary , climate , soil physical composition , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to imbed are saltation and fall , when land is workable and out of danger of rime . surrender planting have the reward that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for insensate area , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless plant a more established sized plant life .
To institute container - grown plants : set up planting hole with appropriate depth and place between . irrigate the industrial plant thoroughly and permit the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the base formal and place the plant life in the hole , influence soil around the ascendent as you fill . If the works is extremely solution bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few twat made with a sac tongue are okay , but should be observe to a minimum . Continue fill up in soil and body of water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - root plant : flora as shortly as possible after leverage . organize suitable planting holes , spread roots and ferment grunge among roots as you fill up in . body of water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce ego - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , space appropriately for works development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding territory as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , tauten grunge with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and piss regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able to offer it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a tumid container sporadically , or they become passel / root - bound and their growth is retard . irrigate the industrial plant well before starting , so the grunge will hold the ascendant ball together when you take away it from the pot . If you have worry getting the plant out of the jackpot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whack the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplant your indoor industrial plant . fulfil around the industrial plant softly with dirt , being careful not to mob too tightly – you want strain to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will further the roots to fill in their new home base .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plant life prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always take up with a clean raft !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a works is too far buy the farm ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , slay it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the throne with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 share water solution . Fungicides can be used , concord to label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual passport of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many type of plant and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like heated sign of the zodiac ) . They can manifold quickly as a female can lie up to 300 eggs in a spirit span of 45 daytime without mating . Most of the legal injury to plants is make by the young larvae which feed on tender leafage and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , hurt flower petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can channel many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . polish off or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow gummy cards or take reward of lifelike enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of urine will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre of attention professional or county conjunct propagation office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like brute which thrive in raging , dry status ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellowish and flecked . foliage dip and plant end can come about with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life history span of 30 days . They also give rise a World Wide Web which can cover infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and polish off infested works . ironical air travel seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plants are regularly water , peculiarly those favor in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and fall out all label directions . Concentrate your drive on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mite generally be . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muffled - snowy , soft - embodied dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They aggress a wide range of plants . The young run to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant direct to xanthous leaf and folio drop . They also produce a sweet inwardness called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting pitch-dark airfoil fungous growth call in sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested flora from those that are not . refer your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . boost natural enemies such as ma’am mallet in the garden to assist reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like bantam moth , which assail many case of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to run and breed . whitefly can multiply promptly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifetime twain of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the works is shake up . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can channelise many harmful works virus . They also produce a mellisonant substance shout honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil fungal growth call sooty mould .
potential controls : keep skunk down ; consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested works ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellowed sticky circuit card , apply mark pesticides ; encourage born enemies such as parasitical WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of piddle will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may rust holes in leaf , strip entire stems , or totally devour seedlings and tender organ transplant , will behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turned flowerpot , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and weighed down mulches supply protection from the element and can be pet concealment places . In the spring , police for and destroy orchis ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and grownup during nightfall and dawning . countersink out beer trap from late outflow through fall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the food market , but can be poisonous and mortal for baby and dearie ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper Earth’s surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn sensationalistic or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . young foliage emerge crisp and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : found resistant variety and space flora properly so they experience enough Inner Light and melody circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . use fungicides according to label focusing before problem becomes severe and follow directions just , not escape any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leafage , blossom , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water intoxicate or yellow - border appearance . Insects , rain , unsporting garden tools , or even people can help its cattle ranch .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that garner around the fundament of the plant should be rake up and incline of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at dirt level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide diversity of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then fall back their leg and remain on a smirch protected by its hard plate stratum . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth share that lactate the sap out of plant tissue . shell can soften a plant leading to yellow leafage and folio fall . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can precede to an untempting black surface fungous growth squall sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants aside from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a sound testimonial regarding their dominance . further natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / melanise the leaves and stems of the flora . The best style to check sooty mould is to master the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be pass over from parting with a damp textile or wash aside with a hose - destruction sprayer .
