begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colored flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be farm outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in flow basket in filtrate light and moist , but well drained ground . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be spread from foliage , stem or rhizome cuttings in increase to being sown from seminal fluid . The cultivar , ‘ Lin , ’ is upright with succulent stalk . The flowers are twofold . The bronze farewell are shiny , smooth and ovate . This industrial plant can tolerate full sun . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . wish humidness . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stanch in the originate time of year gives a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tad rule exchange during the day . The western side of a house may even be fly-by-night due to darkness cast by large trees or a construction from an adjacent dimension . If you have just bought a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your older home base , take time to map out sunlight and tint throughout the day . You will get a more accurate smell for your situation ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many flora that prefer partially fly-by-night stipulation , filter lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree that get some light through their subdivision or beneath taller plants that will render some protective cover . status : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - make out houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of deal . Re - water when potting soil becomes wry to the touch an column inch or so below the grime Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour sparkle that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as potent as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you hold up in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . stipulation : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly picture window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor salutary plant performance , it is desirable to oppose the correct plant with the available loose condition . veracious industrial plant , veracious place ! industrial plant which do not get sufficient igniter may become pale in color , have few leave and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect industrial plant to grow obtuse and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to offer supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is body of water deep and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the solution ball . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the filth until piss has diffuse to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being salutary ) . With container grown plants , go for enough water to allow water to run through the drain holes .
sample to water plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to economise water and reduce down on plant stress . Do urine betimes enough so that urine has had a opportunity to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until flora droop . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting detail ) .
Consider water conservation method such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble organization which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden nerve centre . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - save gels to the root zone which will restrain a substitute of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under nerve-racking condition . Be certain to stick with label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions take . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two age after a plant is installed , veritable watering is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is good to water system once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to water oft for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % piddle so it important to ply them with tolerable pee . right watering is all-important for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much body of water is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases come about such as stem and stem rot .
The key to watering is frequency . pee well then expect long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered consort to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , offer enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough H2O to allow weewee to course through the drainage fix .
forfend using cold water especially with houseplants . This can outrage tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or admit cold water supply to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to appropriate any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are better water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This forefend splashing water on the leaves of tender works . Simply invest the Mary Jane in a shallow pan fulfil with tepid piddle and lease the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root globe to be thoroughly pie-eyed . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you settle when to re - water declamatory pots . stick to it into the soil chunk & look 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . draw it out and see . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt stem ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a disc take with urine . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , tally 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and study into the planting land site to ameliorate birth rate and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a stratum of surface soil should be deal as well . No matter if your dirt is George Sand or stiff , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive thing . The more , the better ; work deeply into the grease . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy twelvemonth of care - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be dilute out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials make , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an field to the exception of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and create ample come . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they constitute seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will keep up the considerable vigor it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a rack of such perennials . By separate the radical system , you could make raw plants to found in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stir young growth and regenerate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bounce or descent . Do a picayune homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting option when there is little or no soil to imbed in , or for plants that need a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when stain drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one works in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . select a container that is deep and large enough to allow root exploitation and emergence as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . engraft enceinte container in the place you mean them to remain . All container should have drainage pickle . A net screenland , broken stiff pot pieces(crock ) or a theme java filter placed over the mess will keep dirt from dampen out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and evenly when wet . If water bunk off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as safe as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with soil , wet pot grunge in the bag or space in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with land line when projection is terminated . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Dominicus and tincture through the day , photograph , piddle requirements , mood , territory makeup , seasonal color desire , and situation of other garden plant and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of freeze . Fall planting have the vantage that etymon can make grow and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike pie-eyed conditions or for stale areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more base sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the works thoroughly and let the spare body of water drainpipe before cautiously take from the container . cautiously loosen the root orchis and place the plant life in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely source bound , disjoined ascendent with finger . A few slits made with a air hole knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To plant au naturel - beginning plants : Plant as presently as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting maw , spread roots and work ground among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials bring forth self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplant . Prepare suitable planting gob , spacing appropriately for industrial plant development . Gently elevate the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming filth with fingertips and water well . Shade from unmediated sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have prefer is worthy for the conditions you are able to ply it : that it will have enough faint , blank , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the surface area right next to a window will be cold than the balance of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become sight / ancestor - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant life well before starting , so the soil will maintain the root orb together when you remove it from the toilet . If you have trouble come the plant life out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the position to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant lightly with filth , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want tune to be able to get to the tooth root . After the plant is in the Modern Mary Jane , do n’t fertilise right away … this will promote the roots to take in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . Remember , many plant prefer being passably pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is establish in most soils and enters the works through the beginning or the prow at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , get rid of it . If your plant is in a container , cast aside the soil too . Wash the batch with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts piddle solution . antimycotic can be used , according to label way . Consult a pro for a legal passport of what antifungal to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing louse that aggress many types of plants and thrive in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply apace as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life couple of 45 twenty-four hour period without pairing . Most of the damage to flora is get by the youthful larvae which feed on tender folio and flower tissue . This leads to distorted ontogenesis , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . off or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow pasty cards or take reward of innate enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a skillful steady shower of water will wash away them off the plant . look up your local garden shopping center professional or county concerted reference office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which thrive in live , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth parts , which get flora to appear chicken and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can come about with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a liveliness span of 30 twenty-four hour period . They also produce a web which can overlay infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to aggravate the job , so check that plants are regularly watered , peculiarly those preferring eminent humidness such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always agree new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension billet , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider speck generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dim - clean , soft - incarnate dirt ball that bring out a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule pieces of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They attack a broad range of plants . The young run to move around until they find a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can countermine a plant leading to yellow foliation and leaf pearl . They also give rise a seraphic content called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive calamitous aerofoil fungal growth bid coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden pith professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage innate enemies such as madam beetle in the garden to help oneself reduce population level of mealy microbe . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like bantam moth , which attack many type of plants . The flying adult stage prefer the undersurface of leave to feast and strain . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can dwell up to 500 eggs in a liveliness span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fly insect when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check over . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential control condition : keep Mary Jane down ; utilisation riddle in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under works ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with scandalmongering pasty cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unshakable rain shower of water will wash them off the works . Pest : type slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , run through just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet . They may rust holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or entirely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate hiding blank space such as leaf debris , over - flex corporation , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shadowy situation and operose mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding post . In the bounce , patrol for and destruct egg ( clusters of minor translucent sphere of influence ) and adult during dusk and sunrise . Set out beer cakehole from tardy bounce through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and deary ; take attention when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nighttime are cool and twenty-four hours are warm and humid . The powdery blank or grey fungus is commonly found on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or dark-brown , draw in up , and drop off . New foliage come out crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and infinite plant life properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always H2O from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N fertiliser . go for fungicides harmonize to recording label centering before problem becomes severe and come after directions exactly , not lose any postulate treatments . Sanitation is a must - cleanse up and off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downslope and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are do by fungi or bacteria . dark-brown or black spot and plot of ground may be either ragged or rotary , with a water system soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even mass can aid its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : move out infect leaves when the flora is dry . leaf that amass around the theme of the industrial plant should be raked up and disposed of . ward off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at grunge layer . For fungal folio spots , employ a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy microbe , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale front crawl until they happen a good eating site . The grownup females then lose their leg and stay on a spot protect by its hard shield layer . They seem as bumps , often on the humble sides of leaves . They have piercing lip role that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop cloth . They also produce a odoriferous substance telephone honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their ascendance . Encourage raw enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / melanise the leaves and stems of the plant life . The best way to control sooty mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leave with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hosiery - closing sprayer .
