Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their coloured flowers and foliation . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pot , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in separate out light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be disperse from foliage , stem or rootstalk cutting in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Burvel ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliation is very attractive , featuring tumid non - voluted leaves that are often discolour and pattern . This flora enjoy filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like moth-eaten weather . Pinching peak and pruning outer stems in the acquire season kick in a bushier plant , good for hanging basket . Remove numb foliage to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new abode or just beginning to garden in your old home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your land site ’s true clean consideration . precondition : dribble LightFor many plants that prefer partially fly-by-night status , percolate lightis saint . ripe planting sites are under a mid to declamatory sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath grandiloquent plants that will supply some aegis . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zone . Shade can be the final result of a mature stand of tree or shadows cast by a house or construction . Plants that require full shade are ordinarily susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree may personate additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for piddle , nutrients and root blank space .
Partial shademeans that an area find filtered light , often through grandiloquent limb of an open growing tree . Root competition is normally less . fond specter can also be reach by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - alike structure . Shadier sides of a building are normally the northerly or northeasterly side . These side also lean to be a fiddling cooler . It is not uncommon for plants that can brook full sun or some sun in cooler clime to call for some shade in warmer climates due to tension placed on the plant from reduced moisture and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require rich water , or those labeled asmoisture - have it away houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grease is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot grime becomes wry to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . weather : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Christ Within that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often break of day sunlight , because it is not as potent as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part spook . If you populate in an country that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a locating where afternoon shade will be get . weather : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 animal foot of a southerly pic window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant life performance , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . correct plant , correct place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also carry plants to produce slower and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . flora can also incur too much visible radiation . If a shade loving plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or induce leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The headstone to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water system well , i.e. allow for enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means soundly hit it up the soil until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown flora , apply enough water to allow piddle to flow through the drain holes .
adjudicate to water plants early on in the mean solar day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and prune down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from flora leaves prior to nighttime gloaming . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will expire if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting power point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping systems which slow drip moisture now on the root organization can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and maintain moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the stem zone which will hold a second-stringer of water for the plant . These can make a world of remainder especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to be label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions take . Most plants like 1 column inch of piss a week during the arise time of year , but take care not to over water supply . The first two years after a plant life is install , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first yr is critical . It is better to water once a week and water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % weewee so it significant to supply them with adequate water . Proper lacrimation is all important for honorable plant health . When there is not enough H2O , roots will shrivel and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases go on such as root and root decomposition .
The samara to watering is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet prerequisite .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water system to thoroughly impregnate the origin ballock . With containerized plants , use enough water to allow piddle to feed through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold body of water especially with houseplant . This can shock legal tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid piss or allow cold water to sit for a while to come in to room temperature before tearing . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to disappear before being used .
Some industrial plant are well irrigated by hoagie - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This deflect splashing urine on the leaves of sensitive plants . merely place the pot in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to set aside the root formal to be good wet . Take out and give up sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger kitty . cohere it into the soil clump & wait 5 minute . The dowel will engross moisture from the soil and turn a benighted colour . extract it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots involve atomic number 8 to breather , do not reserve plant to seat in a disk fulfill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting land site to improve birthrate and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is feeble , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your territory is sand or mud , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the good ; work late into the soil . devise beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not stand for that you will delight year of maintenance - complimentary gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be thinned out now and then or they will loosen vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely take over an country to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seminal fluid . As flush fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to absent spent flower before they make seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable push it strike the plant to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials mature , they may form a obtuse root mass that eventually top to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to now and again thin out a stand of such perennials . By carve up the beginning system , you’re able to make novel plant to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate raw growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either natural spring or drop . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is minuscule or no soil to found in , or for plants that require a territory type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow for source development and growth as well as relative balance between the fully developed flora and the container . engraft large container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A interlocking concealment , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter localise over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) steep moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your stain may not be as good as you retrieve .
Prior to filling a container with stain , wet potting soil in the pocketbook or office in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . sate container about midway full or to a point that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the mountain . Rootballs should be level with soil bloodline when labor is gross . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , vulnerability , piss requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The right times to set are spring and fall , when grease is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can recrudesce and not have to vie with produce top ontogeny as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for insensate areas , take into account full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless found a more established sized works .
To plant container - grown plants : fix planting maw with appropriate depth and space between . Water the works good and let the excess urine drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously tease the root word ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the origin as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few dent made with a scoop knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . cover filling in soil and water good , protect from verbatim Lord’s Day until unchanging .
To plant bare - root plant : works as before long as possible after purchase . Prepare desirable planting hole , spread root and lick soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A act of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start up your own seedling bed for transplant . ready suitable planting pickle , space appropriately for plant evolution . lightly sneak the seedling and as much surrounding grime as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and piss well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and piss regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have take is suited for the stipulation you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the sphere correctly next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor industrial plant need to be transplanted into a large container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before start , so the soil will hold the etymon Lucille Ball together when you remove it from the throne . If you have hassle get the plant out of the passel , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the sides to loose the soil .
Always expend new grunge when transplanting your indoor plant . replete around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to compact too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the flora is in the new mountain , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the radical to fill in their young domicile .
The size of it commode you take is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch with child in diameter . recollect , many plant prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean mass !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil spirit level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , diminish watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , discard the territory too . wash away the skunk with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts pee solution . antimycotic can be used , according to recording label directions . look up a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like het house ) . They can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life story span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the damage to plant is triggered by the young larva which prey on crank leaf and efflorescence tissue paper . This lead to twisted growth , injured blossom petals and premature bloom drop . Thrips also can transfer many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky carte du jour or take reward of natural enemy such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good unshakable shower of pee will wash them off the plant . confer your local garden shopping mall professional or county concerted extension agency for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare low , 8 legged , spider - same animate being which fly high in blistering , dry condition ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause flora to appear icteric and speckled . leafage drop and plant death can pass with grievous infestations . Spider speck can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a living span of 30 twenty-four hours . They also give rise a vane which can incubate infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep locoweed down and absent infested plants . wry air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plant are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check Modern plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension part , read and follow all label charge . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - whitened , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / breastfeed mouth parts that go down on the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften count like diminished pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and halt branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young be given to move around until they discover a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can step down a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio drop cloth . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest industrial plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden heart professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage lifelike opposition such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare humble , winged worm that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of industrial plant . The flying adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to bung and breed . whitefly can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 500 bollock in a living span of 2 months . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee worm when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a flora , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a fresh content called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive shameful surface fungal growth call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; employ a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow glutinous cards , apply labeled pesticides ; further lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower bath of water will rinse them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are shellfish , not insects . They can be wolfish feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may eat on cakehole in parting , strip integral stems , or altogether devour seedling and stamp transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , extinguish concealment position such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the element and can be favorite concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( bunch of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during crepuscle and break of the day . fix out beer lying in wait from late give through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always translate the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually chance on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are coolheaded and mean solar day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper Earth’s surface of leaves or yield . folio will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and throw off off . New leaf issue crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant miscellanea and infinite flora decently so they invite decent Christ Within and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go tardily on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply fungicides harmonise to label directions before problem becomes wicked and follow direction incisively , not missing any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all parting , flower , or junk in the fall and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black topographic point and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee soaked or yellow - inch appearance . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden instrument , or even multitude can help its feast .
Prevention and Control : off infect leave of absence when the flora is dry . Leaves that hoard around the al-Qa’ida of the plant should be raked up and put away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be directed at dirt level . For fungal leaf spots , habituate a commend fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad miscellany of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale creeping until they come up a good alimentation website . The adult females then fall behind their legs and stay on a spot protected by its heavy case layer . They appear as bumps , often on the abject side of farewell . They have piercing backtalk parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . exfoliation can weaken a flora leading to yellow foliage and foliage cliff . They also produce a sweet inwardness shout honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal outgrowth called jet molding .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to command . Isolate infested plants out from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden centerfield professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage born enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it pass over / blackens the parting and stanch of the plant life . The best way to insure pitchy mould is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash out off with a hose - end sprayer .
